What is a hate crime?
نویسندگان
چکیده
The term hate crime is instinctively understood across policy and practice domains, but defined differently contexts. Whilst it accepted that a standard universal internationally definition of not possible or desirable, I will seek to create common definitional boundaries for the crime, which allows jurisdictional flexibility whilst retaining core understanding. In doing so, set out parameters concept, then articulate reasons excluding particular manifestations targeted hostility from its remit. finally describe constituent elements move towards proposal applicable scholarly domains.
منابع مشابه
Hate Crime Victimization, 2004-2015
In 2015, the rate of violent hate crime victimization was 0.7 hate crimes per 1,000 persons age 12 or older (figure 1). This rate was not significantly different from the rate in 2004 (0.9 per 1,000).1 The absence of statistically significant change in rates from 2004 to 2015 generally held true for violent hate crimes both reported and unreported to police. However, between 2012 and 2015, the ...
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Maria Cramer's examination of the implausibly low hate crime figures for Massachusetts communities highlights a pervasive and systematic problem in measuring acts of violence and vandalism motivated by bias and intolerance related to race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation or disability. However, the troubling portrayal of undercounting reflects only half the story. The reporting ...
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This paper presents findings from the All Wales Hate Crime Project. Most hate crime research has focused on discrete victim types in isolation. For the first time, internationally, this paper examines the psychological and physical impacts of hate crime across seven victim types drawing on quantitative and qualitative data. It contributes to the hate crime debate in two significant ways: (1) it...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cogent Social Sciences
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2331-1886']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1902643